Before we get there, it’s worth taking a look at why you’re participating in a 401(k) plan in the first place. Here we cover a few of the best perks, in order to help guide your contribution decisions.
Tax Breaks
You get two tax breaks when you save in a 401(k) plan. First, the money you contribute is tax-deductible, meaning that what you contribute to a 401(k) this year will not be taxed as income this year. You will not pay taxes on the funds contributed until you withdraw the funds, typically in retirement. Your savings grow faster because they are tax-deferred. Your 401(k) enjoys compound growth untouched by the taxman until you retire and begin withdrawing the money.
Saving Made Easy
Investing in your 401(k) is “paying yourself first” because it ensures that you are supporting your future wealth. Steady saving is one tactic that millionaires employ. It’s also an easy way to save since your employer deducts your 401(k) contributions automatically from your paycheck so you won’t need to remind yourself to write a check. After a while, it’s likely you won’t even notice the money missing from your paycheck. Without a 401(k), you’d have to set up a retirement account and consciously take out your contribution every month, which, let’s be honest, won’t happen the month you take a spontaneous vacation, have to make an unexpected repair or purchase a big-ticket item. The 401(k)’s “forced savings” aspect also allows you to take advantage of dollar-cost averaging. Putting it simply, you consistently use the same amount of money to buy securities over time and this tends to lower the average cost of all of your shares. The market is consistently swinging, but putting money in on a regular basis via a 401(k) allows you to purchase shares when prices are low and will likely bounce back up later on. Since 401(k) investors are contributing to every paycheck, this is the default strategy.
Employer Matching
To encourage participation, in many cases, an employer will match a portion of your 401(k) contributions. Let’s say your company matches 70% of your 401(k) contributions up to 6% of your salary. If you make $100,000 and contribute $6,000 (6%) the company will pitch in $4,200. This is a deal you’d be wise not to pass up.
Good Saving Habits
Saving today via a 401(k) gets you into the habit of living frugally. For example, if you make $80,000 and contribute 20% to your 401(k), you’re actually living on $64,000. (Just be sure to watch out for the contribution limits.) So what happens when you stop contributing to your 401(k)? You guessed it—most of the above benefits go away.
No more reduction in taxable incomeNo more employer contributionNo tax deferral on your additional retirement savingsNo more paying yourself first
Stopping your contribution dramatically slows the growth of your retirement money. It may feel good now to have that extra cash in your checking account, but when it’s time to retire don’t you want to have saved as much as possible?
The Bottom Line
So when is the right time to stop contributing to your 401(k)? The most lucrative answer is the day you stop working. Take full advantage of the 401(k) plan your employer offers. A program that lets you save tax-deferred and, possibly, collect free money through an employer match can put you on the path to your dream retirement.
